Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Among Patients With Prior Mediastinal Radiation
Author Department
Cardiology; Medicine
Document Type
Article, Peer-reviewed
Publication Date
2-2026
Abstract
Background: Limited data suggest that transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is associated with similar short-term outcomes to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) among patients with a history of mediastinal radiation. However, the long-term outcomes of TAVR versus SAVR in this growing patient population remain unknown.
Methods: We identified patients with a history of chest radiation who underwent isolated AVR using the multinational TriNetX database from 2010 through 2025. Propensity score matching was performed to account for differences in baseline characteristics. Outcomes included all-cause mortality, stroke, and all-cause hospitalization at 5 years.
Results: The analysis included 933 patients with prior chest radiation who underwent isolated AVR, of whom 785 (84.13%) underwent TAVR, and 148 (15.86%) underwent SAVR. After propensity score matching, 128 patients were included in each group. In the TAVR group, the mean age was 67.6 ± 10.2 years, and 72.7% were women. In the SAVR group, the mean age was 67.5 ± 8.7 years, and 69.5% were women. There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of all-cause mortality (11.7% vs 12.5%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.044; 95% CI, 0.52-2.12; P = .91), stroke (15.6% vs 13.3%; HR, 1.373; 95% CI, 0.72-2.63; P = .34), and all-cause hospitalization (56.3% vs 64.1%; HR, 0.935; 95% CI, 0.68-1.29; P = .65) between TAVR and SAVR at 5 years.
Conclusions: In this observational analysis from a multinational database of patients with prior mediastinal radiation, TAVR was associated with comparable long-term outcomes compared with SAVR. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Keywords: aortic stenosis; long-term outcomes; mediastinal radiation; surgical aortic valve replacement; transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Recommended Citation
Elbenawi H, Eisa M, Eltony M, Almaadawy O, El Shaer A, Elfert K, Ibrahim R, Depta JP, Al Azizi KM, Lin CJ, Chatzizisis YS, Henkin S, Gulati M, Goldsweig AM, Elbadawi A, Elgendy IY. Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Among Patients With Prior Mediastinal Radiation. J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv. 2026 Feb 20;5(3):104265. doi: 10.1016/j.jscai.2026.104265.
PMID
41868770